Shine STIM: Frequently Asked Questions
Read on for some of our most frequently asked questions about Shine STIM, our Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation (tSCS) Service.
What is the evidence base for tSCS?
Evidence for tSCS in spina bifida is still emerging. However, studies in spinal cord injury and other neurological conditions have shown promising results, and early evidence in spina bifida is encouraging.
Shine recently completed a service evaluation involving 62 children with spina bifida, making it the largest reported real-world cohort of children with spina bifida receiving tSCS. The evaluation found the therapy to be feasible, safe, well-tolerated and associated with improvements across several functional areas. A manuscript describing these findings has been prepared and submitted for publication.
Does it hurt?
Most children tolerate the therapy well. The stimulation produces a tingling sensation and visible muscle contractions. The settings are established gradually, starting at a very low level and increasing slowly while observing your child's response to make sure they stay comfortable throughout the session.
Some children describe the sensation as unusual when they first start treatment, but most become accustomed to it over time.
Are there side effects?
No serious stimulation-related adverse events were reported during Shine's service evaluation.
The most commonly reported side effects were:
- Temporary discomfort
- Mild skin irritation/redness from electrode pads
- Sensory sensitivity or reduced tolerance on some days
These effects were generally mild and resolved by adjusting treatment settings, changing electrode positioning or taking short breaks from therapy.
Is it safe for children with hydrocephalus or shunts?
Many children who participated in the service had hydrocephalus, including some with programmable shunt valves. No serious shunt-related problems were linked to the therapy during the evaluation.
Each child is assessed individually, and any specific concerns about shunts or other medical devices are discussed before treatment begins and Shine therapists will require consent to contact your child's medical professionals to confirm safety and suitability.
How soon might changes be seen?
Every child is different. Some families report changes within weeks, while others take longer. In the service evaluation, most improvements were first observed within the first three months of treatment.
Will it help my child walk?
tSCS is not a cure for spina bifida. Some families report improvements in strength, movement quality, posture and functional skills, but outcomes depend on many factors including lesion level, age and existing function. Treatment programmes are bespoke and will be provided in line with your child's therapy goals. We have seen meaningful changes in strength, sensation, posture and constipation, that have had a real world impact on children's lives.
Will my child need to stop their other therapies?
No. tSCS is intended to complement existing physiotherapy, occupational therapy and rehabilitation programmes, not replace them.
How can I find out more?
If you would like to discuss whether tSCS may be appropriate for your child, please contact Shine's Health Team. We can answer questions about eligibility, NHS therapists in your area clinic locations, costs and what to expect from the programme.